Oh! I remember these steps being explained on a youtube video before. So the point is that the padlock (that Adam received on the third paragraph) is like a program on my windows desktop, I can run it (here like Adam uses it to encrypt the date), I can copy it and send it to a friend, but I can’t read the code which is compiled through an unknown language (i.e even if snooper received the padlock he can’t figure out how to unlock it and decrypt the data)?
this is very detailed answer thank you. however I face an ambiguity regarding this:
This is a mode of cryptography where each side generates two keys: a public half and a private half. Anything encrypted with the public half is only decryptable by the associated private half (and vice versa).
How can this private half be something that I know, Youtube knows but impossible for the snooper to our communication to know??
I’m satisfied with the answers and insights I got so far. But if you may add I’d be happy to know why factorization of prime numbers is so crucial in cryptography. I heard about this a lot before but don’t know anything. I know quite well about Prime number and theorems about them on math, but not their applications